Judiciously distributing laser emitters to shape the desired far field patterns

The far-field pattern of a simple one-dimensional laser array of emitters radiating into free space is considered. In the path of investigating the inverse problem for their near fields leading to a target beam form, surprisingly we found that the result is successful when the matrix of the corresponding linear system is not well-scaled. The essence of our numerical observations is captured by an elegant inequality defining the functional range of the optical distance between two neighboring emitters. Our finding can restrict substantially the parametric space of integrated photonic systems and simplify significantly the subsequent optimizations

Electromagnetic cloaking of cylindrical objects by multilayer or uniform dielectric claddings

We show that dielectric or even perfectly conducting cylinders can be cloaked by a uniform or a layered dielectric cladding, without the need of any exotic or magnetic material parameters. In particular, we start by presenting a simple analytical concept that can accurately describe the cloaking effect obtained with conical silver plates in the visible spectrum. The modeled structure has been originally presented in [S. A. Tretyakov, P. Alitalo, O. Luukkonen, C. R. Simovski, Phys. Rev. Lett., vol. 103, p. 103905, 2009], where its operation as a cloak in the optical frequencies was studied only numerically. We model rigorously this configuration as a multi-layer dielectric cover surrounding the cloaked object, with excellent agreement to the simulation results of the actual device. The concept of using uniform or multilayer dielectric covers, with relative permittivities larger than unity, is then successfully extended to cloaking of impenetrable objects such as conducting cylinders.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figure

On Modeling Perfectly Conducting Sharp Corners With Magnetically Inert Dielectrics Of Extreme Complex Permittivities

The idea of replacing an edgy perfectly conducting boundary by the corresponding interface filled with a dielectric material of extreme complex permittivities, is examined in the present work. A semi-analytical solution to the corresponding boundary value problems is obtained and the merit of the modeling has been checked. Certain conclusions for the effect of the constituent material parameters and the geometric features of the configuration on the model effectiveness, are drawn and discussed.Comment: 8 pages, 17 figures, research journa

Multistage Kondo effect as a manifestation of dynamical symmetries in the single- and two-electron tunneling

The concept of dynamical symmetries is used for formulation of the renormalization group approach to the Kondo effect in the Anderson model with repulsive and attractive interaction $U$. It is shown that the generic local symmetry of the Anderson Hamiltonian is determined by the SU(4) Lie group. The Anderson Hamiltonian is rewritten in terms of the Gell-Mann matrices of the 4-th rank, which form the set of group generators and the basis for construction of irreducible vector operators describing the excitation spectra in the charge and spin sectors. The multistage Kondo sceening is described in terms of the local SU(4) dynamical symmetry. It is shown that the similarity between the conventional Kondo cotunneling effect for spin 1/2 in the positive $U$ model and the Kondo resonance for pair tunneling in the negative $U$ model is a direct manifestation of implicit SU(4) symmetry of the Anderson/Kondo model.Comment: 13 pages, 5 figure

PT-Symmetric planar devices for field transformation and imaging

The powerful tools of transformation optics (TO) allow an effective distortion of a region of space by carefully engineering the material inhomogeneity and anisotropy, and have been successfully applied in recent years to control electromagnetic fields in many different scenarios, e.g., to realize invisibility cloaks and planar lenses. For various field transformations, it is not necessary to use volumetric inhomogeneous materials, and suitably designed ultrathin metasurfaces with tailored spatial or spectral responses may be able to realize similar functionalities within smaller footprints and more robust mechanisms. Here, inspired by the concept of metamaterial TO lenses, we discuss field transformations enabled by parity-time (PT) symmetric metasurfaces, which can emulate negative refraction. We first analyze a simple realization based on homogeneous and local metasurfaces to achieve negative refraction and imaging, and we then extend our results to arbitrary PT-symmetric two-port networks to realize aberration-free planar imagin

PT-Symmetric planar devices for field transformation and imaging

The powerful tools of transformation optics (TO) allow an effective distortion of a region of space by carefully engineering the material inhomogeneity and anisotropy, and have been successfully applied in recent years to control electromagnetic fields in many different scenarios, e.g., to realize invisibility cloaks and planar lenses. For various field transformations, it is not necessary to use volumetric inhomogeneous materials, and suitably designed ultrathin metasurfaces with tailored spatial or spectral responses may be able to realize similar functionalities within smaller footprints and more robust mechanisms. Here, inspired by the concept of metamaterial TO lenses, we discuss field transformations enabled by parity-time (PT) symmetric metasurfaces, which can emulate negative refraction. We first analyze a simple realization based on homogeneous and local metasurfaces to achieve negative refraction and imaging, and we then extend our results to arbitrary PT-symmetric two-port networks to realize aberration-free planar imagin